Tugas I
a. Present perfect tense
1. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang baru saja selesai dilakukan,akan tetapi waktu tidak tertentu.
Contoh : “She has not gone to Jakarta” ( Dia tidak pergi ke Jakarta )
2. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan pada waktu lampau dan masih ada hubungannya dengan waktu sekarang dan mungkin masih akan dilakukan pada waktu sekarang ini.
Contoh : “I have followed my friend in Medan” ( Aku sudah ikut temanku di Medan)
3. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang baru saja selesai dilakukan(terjadi) dan selalu menggunakan kata JUST.
Contoh : “They have visited to Lombok” ( Mereka barusaja berkunjung ke Lombok)
4. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sudah lama dan masih berlangsung sampai sekarang.
Contoh : “I have stayed in Bekasi since 2007” (Saya sudah tinggal di Bekasi sejak 2007)
5. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang telah terjadi pada waktu lampau dan telah selesai pada saat ini juga.
Contoh : “Have you worked in the office?”(Apakah kamu sudah bekerja di kantor itu?)
Rumus : (+) S + have/ has + V3
( - ) S + have/ has + not + V3
( ? ) have / has + S + V3 / QW + have/has + S + V3 / been
I. Exercises ;
1. they / ask / a question - They have asked a question.
2. he / speak / English - He has spoken English.
3. I / be / in my room - I have been in my room.
4. we / not / wash / the car - We have not washed the car.
5. Annie / not / forget / her homework - Annie has not forgotten her homework.
6. They/ visit / your office - They have visited your office.
7. She / not / go / Jakarta – She has not gone to Jakarta.
8. I / follow / my friend / in Medan – I have followed my friend in Medan.
9. The cat / catch / the bird /in the field – the cat has caught the bird in the field.
10. They / visit / Lombok – They have visited to Lombok.
b. Simple Past Tense
1. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan di masa lampau dan wakt yang tertentu pula serta telah selesai dikerjakan.
Contoh : “He bought motorcycle yesterday.”(Dia membeli sepeda motor kemarin).
2. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang dilakukan diwaktu lampau dengan jelas walau waktu tidak ditentukan.
Contoh : “I sent you money in Jakarta.”(Saya mengirimimu uang di Jakarta).
3. Untuk menyatakan pengandaian.
Contoh : “If I had money,I would help him.”(Seandainya saya punnya uang,saya akan menolongnya).
Rumus Past Tense: ( +) : S + V2 + Obj
( - ) : S + did not + V1 + Obj
( ? ) : Did + S + V1
Exercises ;
1. I go to school by car : I went to school by car.
2. I meet him on Tuesdays : I met him on Tuesday.
3. He always wears black : He wore black.
4. She makes cakes everyweek : She mades cakes last week.
5. She shuts the shops at 09.00 p.m : She shut the shop at 09.00 p.m.
6. They speak slowly : They spoke slowly.
7. I read a chapter everynight : I read chapter lastnight.
8. These dogs fight whenever they meet : The dogs fought whenever they met.
9. She puts up her prices everyyear : she put up her.
10. He always sleep late : He slept late.
Tugas II
Modal Auxiliaries
Modal Auxiliaries meruupakan kata kerja bantu seperti akan, mungkin, bisa, dapat, harus, akan, digunakan untuk, perlu digunakan dalam hubungannya dengan kata kerja utama untuk mengekspresikan nuansa waktu dan suasana hati. Kombinasi membantu verba dengan verba utama menciptakan apa yang disebut frasa verba atau kata kerja string.Kata kerja jenis ini adalah kata kerja yang membantu verbs (kata kerja) menyatakan beberapa arti seperti KEWAJIBAN, KEMUNGKINAN, IJIN, KEMAMPUAN (sesuatu yang merupakan keharusan).
Modals :
- Must = Harus
- Can , Could = Akan
- Will, Would = Akan
-Shall, Should = Akan
- May, Might = Mungkin
- Ought to = Seharusnya
Exercise :
1. They ____ study hard,because next April they will take theaxamination.
A. will B. should C. can
2. There`s a baby area, you smoke here.
A. Ought to B. Must not C. Should not
3. You ____ permit to your mother,if you go to school.
A. must B. may C. should
4. The sky so dark, it be rain
A. May B. Might C. Should
5. She ____ come here tomorrow.
A. will B. can C. may
6. I have been invited my friends to come, They be there tomorrow
A. Would B. Could C. Should
7. He ____ speake english well if he look english course.
A. can B. will C. could
8. My father ____ play guitar when he was child
A. Shall B. Could C. Can
9. He ____ come here if he had spare time.
A. can B. must C. would
10. She ____ be a president.
A. will B. must C. can
Tugas III
Active & Passive voice
Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.
Contoh :
Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months
Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months
Berdasarkan contoh di atas maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai berikut:
Subject + be + Verb 3 + by + Object + modifier
Change Into Passive voice!!
1. They are going to build a new airport ( Active )
A new airport is going to be built ( Passive)
2. Somebody has to wash these clothes ( Active )
These clothes have to be washed ( Passive )
3. I think they’ll invite you to party ( Active )
I think you’ll be invited to the party ( Passive )
4. People never invite me to parties (Active)
I am never invited to parties ( Passive )
5. Look!They have painted the door (Active )
Look the door has been painted ( Passive )
6. They can’t repair my watch ( Active )
My watch can’t be repaired ( Passive )
7. He didn’t sell his motorcycle ( Active)
His car sold by him ( Passive )
8. She bought some books just now ( Active )
Just now some books were bought by her ( Passive)
9. You should wash this sweater by hand (Active )
This sweater should be washed by hand ( Passive )
10. I write a letter ( Active )
A letter is written by me ( Passive)
Tugas IV
Question Tag
Question Tag adalah bentuk kalimat tanya yang pola kalimatnya menggunakan kata tanya di akhir kalimat. Kalimat tanya ini biasanya tidak membutuhkan jawaban karena digunakan untuk menanyakan hal-hal yang diyakini benar oleh sang penanya.
Berdasarkan bentuk kalimatnya, pola pembentukan Question Tag dibedakan menjadi tiga, yaitu:
Positive Statement ( S + modal Aux / to be +
Negative Statement
Command / Request
Pola Question Tag
Positive Tag: MODAL + SUBJECT ?
Negative Tag: MODAL + NOT + SUBJECT ?
I. exercise.
1. Leonard Cohen is a great singer, ___ ___?(isn’t he?)
2. It isn't very warm today, ___ ___?(is it?)
3. Ms. Pospieszna assigns a lot of homework, ___ ___?(doesn’t she?)
4. I didn't bring enough money, ___ ___?(did I)
5. The children won't want to go to bed early, ___ ___?(will they?)
6. You have already seen Lord of the Rings, ___ ___?(haven’t you?)
7. The film received several Oscars ___ ___?(didn’t it?)
8. We can't keep our canary in the hotel room, ___ ___?(can we?)
9. England would like to win another World Cup , ___ ___?(wouldn’t they?)
10. German women don't have small feet, ___ ___?(do they?)
